Geologicheskii Vestnik

A review of research data on the crystal structure and chemical composition of apatite was performed. The general formula of the mineral is M10(ZO4)6X2, where M = Ca, Z = P, X = F, Cl, OH. Apatite is characterized by a wide variety of isomorphic replacements, but its main species are the end members of the isomorphic series “fluoroapatite – chlorapatite – hydroxylapatite”. Microscopic and geochemical studies of apatite in metasomatized gabbroids of Devonian-Carboniferous intrusive complexes of the West Magnitogorsk zone (Nauruz, Fayzulla, Utlyktash, Basay and Khudolaz) were carried out. The polygenic nature of apatite in them was determined, that related with the magmatic (early and late magmatic substages) and hydrothermal (early hydrothermal substage) of crystallization process. It was defined that at the late hydrothermal substage, with an increase in the redox potential of fluids, apatite is dissolved and replaced by different mineral phases (clay, zeolites, albite, quartz, ore minerals).

apatite, metasomatism, replacement, hydrothermal fl uid, pseudomorphs.

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