Geologicheskii Vestnik

The paper discusses the hydrogeological conditions of the territory of the Toratau geopark created in the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is shown that the mineral composition of water-bearing rocks has a great infl uence on the hydrochemical character of the hypergenesis zone. The water supply of the district is quite high, the modules of the underground runoff are from 0.1–0.5 to 1–3 l×s/km2 . The territory of the Toratau geopark is rich in mineral waters. These are sources of Tashastinsky, Krasnousolsky, Talalaevsky and others with various chemical composition and mineral waters produced by wells for sanatorium use: the Krasnousolsky and Sterlitamak deposits. In the Krasnousolsky resort area, 32 groups of ascending sulfi de sources were identifi ed, located in two lines along the right and left banks of the river. There are known three mineral water deposits in the resort of Krasnousolsk and its environs that differ in their geochemical parameters and healing properties. The largest of them, Krasnousolsky 1, is represented by hydrogen sulfi de waters. Tashastinsky, Baiguzinsky and Talalayevsky mineral springs are currently not used for medicinal purposes. For many years, the study area has been experiencing a powerful technogenic infl uence of the industrial enterprises of Sterlitamak, Ishimbay, Salavat. The rocks and groundwater are saturated with oil products and waste from the Bashkir soda company to the entire permeable stratum, not only within the production facilities themselves, but also far beyond them, and water from the alluvial horizon is the most contaminated. The period of presence of pollutants in aquifers reaches many tens and even hundreds of years. This is because the complete removal of polluted waters from the horizon needs several cycles of complete water exchange. The creation of the geoinformation system of the Toratau geopark will make it possible to track changes in specifi c objects, within the entire geopark under the infl uence of anthropogenic and natural factors, as well as assess the degree of infl uence of these factors.

geopark, hydrogeological conditions, fresh waters, mineral waters, technogenesis, geographic information systems

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