Geologicheskii Vestnik

The article considers the formation of lake basins, the Southern Urals and the Cis-Urals (within Bashkortostan). There are about 3000 lakes of natural and artificial origin here. In the western part of Bashkortostan, mainly dead channel lakes were formed. They accumulate therapeutic mud of various chemical compositions, which are of great interest for balneological treatment. The development of a chain of lake basins and wetlands at the base of the Belebeyevskaya upland, the presence of terraces composed of sand and pebble deposits, etc. indicates the paleoerosion-tectonic origin of the lakes Aslikul and Kandrykul. Lakes of erosive and tectonic origin are widespread in the Trans-Ural part of Bashkortostan. The chemical composition of water in them is mainly bicarbonate calcium-magnesium, calcium-magnesium-sodium, magnesium-sodium, mineralization 0.20–0.87 g / dm3 , the content of helium (He) in the waters of lakes (10–5 ml / dm3 ). The composition of the water of Lake Muldakkul differs from other lakes, it is sulfate-chloride magnesium-sodium with a mineralization of 8.4–25 g / dm3 . The results of He and isotope studies of the mineral waters of Lake Muldakkul showed that the concentration of He in the waters of the Smelovsky fault zone reaches 3×10–2 ml / dm3 , which characterizes the deep nature of water formation. Numerous karst lakes are common in the Bashkir Cis-Urals, among which the most famous lakes are formed by powerful karst springs — Krasny Klyuch and Sarva. The question of formation of the Soldatskoye Lake in Ufa is considered.

lake basins, the Southern Urals and the Cis-Urals, the chemical composition of lake water, dead channel lakes, lakes of erosive-tectonic origin, dammed lakes

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