Geologicheskii Vestnik

Organic matter and its effect on the behavior of heavy metals and metalloids in soils have been studied using IR spectroscopy in the Avzyan ore region. A special feature of this study is the use of IR spectroscopy without first separating organic substances from other mineral components of soils. Aliphatic and aromatic functional groups were identified, their semi-quantitative assessment was carried out, and correlations with the content of heavy metals and metalloids were established. A multidirectional migration of toxicants has been established in the rock-soil-water system, which is controlled by the content of organic matter in soils, the presence of various forms of iron in them, redox and acid-base conditions. The main pollutants of the surface waters of the region (As and Sb) have the opposite behavior in soils. As, Fe(III), Co, Si, and Al are not bound to organic matter in them and remain predominantly stable. Sb, Fe(II), Mn, Sr, Zn, Cu, Ni, and Ba are characterized by significant positive correlations with the amount of organic matter and organic functional groups. This suggests their further migration into the natural waters of the region along with organic matter.

organic substance, humic substance, functional group, IR spectroscopy, soils, heavy metals and metalloids

Akhamed S., Das B., Dutta R.N., Kvamruzzaman K., Mukkherdzhi S.Ch., Nayak B., Pal A., Pati S., Sakha K.Ch., Sengupta M.K., Singkh E.D., Khossejn M.A., Chakraborti D. (2006) Zagryaznenie podzemnykh vod mysh'yakom i ego vliyanie na sostoyanie zdorov'ya lyudej, prozhivayushchikh v bassejne rek Gang, Megkhna i Brakhmaputra (GMB) i prilegayushchikh territoriyakh [Groundwater arsenic contamination and its health effects living in the basin the Ganges, Meghna and Brahmaputra rivers and adjacent territories]. Mikroelementy v meditsine. 7(4), 15–28. (In Russian).

Baktybaeva Z.B., Sulejmanov R.A., Valeev T.K., Rakhmatullin N.R., Daukaev R.A., Allayarova G.R. (2017) Ekologo-gigienicheskaya otsenka zagryazneniya poverkhnostnykh i podzemnykh vod gornorudnykh territoriy Respubliki Bashkortostan [Ecological and hygienic assessment of pollution of the surface and underground water of mining territories of the Republic of Bashkortostan]. Bezopasnost' zdorov'ya cheloveka. 1, 6–18. (In Russian).

Borzenko S.V., Fedorov I.A. (2019) Osnovnye formy migratsii metallov v prisutstvii guminovykh veshchestv v sodovykh ozerakh Vostochnogo Zabajkal'ya [Basic forms of metals migration in the presence of humiс substances in soda lakes of Eastern Transbaikalia]. Izvestiya TPU. 3, 18−27. (In Russian).

Vinogradov A.P. (1957) Geokhimiya redkikh i rasseyannykh khimicheskikh elementov v pochvakh. 2-e izd., dop. [The Geochemistry of rare and dispersed chemical elements in soils]. Moscow: Izd-vo AN. 238 p. (In Russian).

Vodyanitskiy Yu.N. (2014) Prirodnye i tekhnogennye soedineniya tyazhelykh metallov v pochvakh [Natural and Technogenic Compounds of Heavy Metals in Soils]. Pochvovedenie. 4, 420–432. (In Russian). DOI: 10.7868/S0032180X14040108

Vodyanitskiy Yu.N. (2010) Soedineniya zheleza i ikh rol' v okhrane pochv [Iron compounds and their role in soil protection]. Moscow: GNU Pochvenniy institut Rossel'khozakademii im. V.V. Dokuchaeva. 55 p. (In Russian).

Vorob'ev V.B., Kazakevich N.A. (2022) O vzaimosvyazi mezhdu soderzhaniem tyazhelykh metallov i gumusa v dernovo-podzolistoj legkosuglinistoj pochve [The relationship between the content of heavy metals and humus in sod-podzolic light loamy soil about]. Vestnik Belorusskoj gosudarstvennoj sel'skokhozyajstvennoj akademii. 4, 103−107. (In Russian).

Gazetdinov R.R., Abdulgafarova G.Kh. (2022) Biogennost' metallov [Metals biogenicity]. Mezhdunarodniy studencheskiy nauchniy vestnik. 4, 4−11. (In Russian).

Grigor'ev N.A. (2009) Raspredelenie khimicheskikh elementov v verkhnej chasti kontinental'noj kory [Chemical element distribution in the upper continental crust]. Ekaterinburg: UrO RAN. 383 p. (In Russian).

Dinu M.I. (2015) Vzaimodejstvie ionov metallov v vodakh s gumusovymi veshchestvami gleepodzolistykh pochv [Interaction between metal ions in waters with humic acids in gley-podzolic soils]. Geokhimiya. 3, 276–288. (In Russian).

Kazbulatova G.M. (2024) Organicheskoe veshchestvo i mineralogicheskiy sostav pochv Avzyanskogo rudnogo rajona (Yuzhniy Ural) [Organic matter and mineralogical composition of soils of the Avzyan ore region (Southern Urals)] // Mineraly i mineraloobrazovanie v prirodnykh i tekhnogennykh protsessakh / Materialy Vserossiyskoj nauchnoj konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem, Ufa, 24–27 sentyabrya 2024. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo «Pero», 32−35. (In Russian).

Kazbulatova G.M., Michurin S.V. (2024) Otsenka ekologicheskoj opasnosti zolotorudnogo mestorozhdeniya Ulyuk-Bar (Yuzhniy Ural) [Environmental hazard assessment of the Ulyuk-Bar gold deposit (Southern Urals)]. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov. 35(5), 142–157. (In Russian).

Kazbulatova G.M., Michurin S.V. (2025) Pochvy i povedenie v nikh tyazhelykh metallov na zolotorudnom mestorozhdenii Ulyuk-Bar (Yuzhniy Ural) [Soils and the behavior of heavy metals in them at the Ulyuk-Bar gold deposit (South Urals)]. Byulleten' Pochvennogo instituta imeni V.V. Dokuchaeva. 122. (In Russian). (In print.)

Kazbulatova G.M., Michurin S.V., Karamova A.M. (2022) Geoekologicheskaya otsenka sostoyaniya poverkhnostnykh vod Avzyanskogo zolotorudnogo rajona Respubliki Bashkortostan [Geoecological assessment of the condition of surface waters of Avzyan Gold Region in the Republic of Bashkortostan]. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov. 333(8), 139–152. (In Russian).

Karavanova E.I. (2003) Opticheskie svojstva pochv i ikh priroda [Optical properties of soils and their nature]. Moscow: MGU. 151 p. (In Russian).

Karnaukhova A.V. (2021) Izuchenie vozmozhnosti opredeleniya gumusovykh veshchestv v pochvakh s ispol'zovaniem IK-Fur'e spektroskopii [Studying the possibility of determining humic substances in soils using IR-Fourier spectroscopy] // Khimiya, novye tekhnologii i materialy / Materialy XIII Mezhdunarodnoj studencheskoj nauchnoj konferentsii «Studencheskiy nauchniy forum. https://scienceforum.ru/2021/forum (In Russian).

Kozlova A.A., Khalbaev V.L., Ajsueva T.S., Egodurov A.E., Nechaeva V.V., Mokrushina A.S., Chirkova E.G., Vinokurova A.V. (2014) Soderzhanie razlichnykh form zheleza v pochvakh Yuzhnogo Predbajkal'ya [Contents of different forms of iron in the soils of Southern Predbaikal'ye]. Mezhdunarodniy zhurnal prikladnykh i fundamental'nykh issledovaniy. 5(2), 56–61. (In Russian).

Korel'skaya T.A., Rumyantseva T.I. (2014) Stroenie gumusovykh kislot kak funktsiya vypolneniya imi ekoprotektornoj roli v otnoshenii tyazhelykh metallov [The Structure of humic acids as a function of the performance of ecoprotective role for heavy metals]. Zhurnal SFU. Khimiya. 1, 139−150. (In Russian).

Krupenin M.T., Michurin S.V., Sharipova A.A., Garaeva A.A., Zamyatin D.A., Gulyaeva T.Ya. (2019) Usloviya formirovaniya Mg-Fe metasomatichekikh karbonatov v nizhnerifejskikh terrigenno-karbonatnykh tolshchakh Yuzhnogo Urala [Formation conditions of ferromagnesian metasomatic carbonates in the lower riphean terrigenous-carbonate rocks of the Southern Urals]. Litologiya i poleznye iskopaemye. 3, 262–277. (In Russian).

Krylov A.V., Shamsiev R.S. (2024) Teoriya i praktika primeneniya IK-spektroskopii: uchebnoe posobie [Theory and Practice of Infrared Spectroscopy]. Moscow: RTU MIREA. 83 p. (In Russian).

Kupriyanovskaya A.P., Gagaeva A.L., Lindman A.V., Kobeleva N.A., Nevskiy A.V. (2012) Vliyanie alifaticheskikh karbonovykh kislot na translokatsionnuyu sposobnost' medi v sisteme «pochva-rastenie» [Influence of aliphatic carboxylic acids on translocation ability of copper in the «soil-plant» system]. Ekologiya i promyshlennost' Rossiiyu. 6, 50−52. (In Russian).

Lavrishchev A.V. (2016) Izuchenie povedeniya stabil'nogo strontsiya v agroekosistemakh Severo-Zapada Rossii [Studying the behavior of stable strontium in agroecosystems of Northwest Russia] / Dis. dokt sel'skokhoz. nauk. Sankt-Peterburg. 272 p.

Larionov N.N. (1988) Osnovnye cherty tektoniki Avzyanskogo rudnogo rajona na Yuzhnom Urale / Formirovanie zemnoj kory Yuzhnogo Urala [The main features of the tectonics of the Avzyan ore region in the Southern Urals / Formation of the Earth's crust of the Southern Urals]. Ufa: BNTs UrO AN SSSR. 75–82. (In Russian).

Larionov N.N., Nastasienko E.V., Smolyanskiy P.L., Somov M.M. (1987) O novom tipe sellait-flyuoritovoj mineralizatsii [A New type of sellaite-fluorite mineralization]. Mineralogicheskiy zhurnal. 9(2), 22–25. (In Russian).

Larionov N.N., Tsvetkova A.A. (2003) Gosudarstvennaya geologicheskaya karta Rossiiskoi Federatsii. 1:200 000. Yuzhno-Ural'skaya seriya. N-40-XXII (Tukan) [State geological map of the Russian Federation. 1:200000. South Ural series. N-40-XXII (Toucan)]. Saint Petersburg, MPR RF. (In Russian).

Lepokurova O.E., Ivanova I.S., Trifonov N.S., Kolubaeva Yu.V., Sokolov D.A. (2022) Rastvorennye formy migratsiy gumusovykh kislot v poverkhnostnykh vodnykh ob"ektakh Yamalo-Nenetskogo avtonomnogo okruga [Dissolved forms of migration of humic substances insurface water bodies of the Yamal-Nenets autonomous district]. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov. 333(5), 56–69. (In Russian).

Lindman A.V., Shvedova L.V., Kupriyanovskaya A.P., Nevskiy A.V. (2013) Vliyanie alifaticheskikh karbonovykh kislot na protsess fitoekstraktsii svintsa i kadmiya iz zagryaznennykh pochv [Effect of aliphatic carboxylic acids on the process of phyto-extraction of lead and cadmium from contaminated soils]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Seriya: Khimiya i khimicheskaya tekhnologiya. 56(11), 68−73. (In Russian).

Lindman A.V., Shvedova L.V., Tukumova N.V., Kupriyanovskaya A.P., Nevskiy A.V. (2010) Primenenie yantarnoj kisloty v protsesse fitoekstraktsii svintsa i kadmiya iz zagryaznennykh pochv [Employment of the succinic acid to phytoextraction cadmium and lead from contained soils]. Vestnik MITKhT. 5(5), 102−105. (In Russian).

Michurin S.V., Sharipova A.A., Krupenin M.T., Zamyatin D.A., Musina A.M., Popov V.A. (2018) Sul'fidnaya mineralizatsiya, samorodnoe zoloto i ego geokhimicheskie svyazi v rifejskikh otlozheniyakh Avzyanskogo rudnogo rajona (Yuzhniy Ural) [Sulfide mineralization, native gold and its geochemical connections in the riphean deposits of the Avzyan ore-bearing]. Litosfera. 18(1), 61–81. (In Russian).

Nosenko T.N., Sitnikova V.E., Strel'nikova I.E., Fokina M.I. (2021) Praktikum po kolebatel'noj spektroskopii: uchebnoe posobie [Workshop on vibrational spectroscopy]. Saint Petersburg: ITMO. 173 p. (In Russian).

Panasin V.I., Deputatov K.V., Vikhman M.I. (2020) Pochvy Kaliningradskoj oblasti i ikh agrokhimicheskie svojstva [Soils of the Kaliningrad region and their agrochemical properties]. Kaliningrad: Izdatel'stvo BFU im. I. Kanta. 232 p. (In Russian).

Perelomov L.V., Chilachava K.B., Shvykin A.Yu., Atroshchenko Yu.M. (2017) Vliyanie organicheskikh veshchestv gumusa na pogloshchenie tyazhelykh metallov glinistymi mineralami [The effects of humus organic matter on absorption of heavy elements by clay minerals]. Agrokhimiya. 2, 89−96. (In Russian).

Petrova Yu.Yu., Tanykova N.G., Spasennykh M.Yu., Kozlova E.V., Leushina E.A., Kostina Yu.V. (2022) Kompleksnaya otsenka soderzhaniya organicheskogo veshchestva v porodakh metodami IK-spektroskopii, termicheskogo analiza i piroliza [Comprehensive assessment of the organic matter content in source rocks by IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and pyrolysis]. Vesti gazovoj nauki. 3(52), 109–116. (In Russian).

Petukhov A.S. (2023) Vliyanie translokatsii tyazhelykh metallov v sisteme «pochva-rastenie» na biokhimicheskie pokazateli rasteniy [The Effect of translocation of heavy metals in the soil-plant system on the biochemical parameters of plants] / Avtoref. dis. kand. khim. nauk. Ivanovo: Ivanovskiy gosudarstvenniy khimiko-tekhnologicheskiy universitet. 17 p. (In Russian).

Pimenova E.V., Lesnov A.E. (2008) Khimicheskie metody v agroekologicheskom monitoringe pochvy [Chemical methods in agroecological monitoring of soil]. Perm: Izd-vo FGOU VPO Permskaya GSKhA. 145 p. (In Russian).

Prech E., Byul'mann F., Affol'ter K. (2006) Opredelenie stroeniya organicheskikh soedineniy. Tablitsy spektral'nykh dannykh / Per. s angl. B. N. Tarasevicha [Structure determination of organic compounds. Tables of spectral data / Translated from English by B.N. Tarasevich]. Binom. Laboratoriya znaniy. 251–318. (In Russian).

Salikhov D.N., Kovalev S.G., Larionov N.N., Belikova G.I. (2008) Poleznye iskopaemye Respubliki Bashkortostan (zheleznye rudy) [Mineral resources of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Iron ores)]. Ufa: Gilem. 148 p. (In Russian).

Seregina Yu.Yu. (2019) Tyazhelye metally v allyuvial'nykh pochvakh isopredel'nykh sredakh pribrezhno-vodnykh ekosistem verkhnegotecheniya reki Belaya (Yuzhniy Ural) [Heavy metals in alluvial soils and adjacent environments of coastal-aquatic ecosystems of the upper reaches of the Belaya River (Southern Urals)] / Avtoref. dis. kand. biol. nauk. Ufa: BGAU. 20 p. (In Russian).

Seredina V.P. (2015) Zagryaznenie pochv: uchebnoe posobie [Soil Pollution]. Tomsk: Izdatel'skiy Dom Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 346 p. (In Russian).

Stravinskene E.S. (2012) Problema biodostupnosti tyazhelykh metallov v ekologicheskom monitoringe prirodnykh vod [Problem of heavy metal bioavailability in environmental monitoring of natural waters] / Dis. kand. biol. nauk. Krasnoyarsk: Krasnoyar. gos. agrar. un-t. 119 p. (In Russian).

Tarasevich B.N. (2012) IK spektry osnovnykh klassov organicheskikh soedineniy: Spravochnye materialy [IR spectra of main classes of organic compounds: reference materials]. Moscow: MGU. 54 p. (In Russian).

Udodov P.A., Solodovnikova R.S., Shvartseva N.M., Rychkova E.S. (1975) O svyazi sur'my s organicheskim veshchestvom tipa gumusa v prirodnykh vodakh i vodnykh rastvorakh [The relationship of antimony with organic matter such as humus in natural waters and aqueous solutions about]. Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo instituta im. S.M. Kirova. Seriya: Geologiya. 297, 68–73. (In Russian).

Fedorov I.A., Taskina L.V. (2020) Gumusovye kisloty i ikh migratsionnye formy v vodakh ozer Vostochnogo Zabajkal'ya [Humic acids and their migration forms in the waters of the lakes of Eastern Transbaikalia]. Khimiya v interesakh ustojchivogo razvitiya. 28(5), 515–526. (In Russian).

Filippova K.A. (2004) Geokhimiya protsessov tekhnogeneza Bakal'skikh zhelezorudnykh mestorozhdenii (Yuzhnyi Ural) [Geochemistry of the processes of technogenesis of the Bakal iron ore deposits (Southern Urals)] / Avtoref. dis. kand. geol.-min. nauk. Ekaterinburg. 24 p. (In Russian).

Kholodov V.A. Kiryushin A.V. Yaroslavtseva N.V. Frid A.S. (2014) Svyazyvanie medi (II) neobratimo sorbirovannymi na kaolinite i svobodnymi guminovymi veshchestvami [Copper (II) binding by free and kaolinite sorbed humic substances]. Pochvovedenie. 7, 803−811.

Shishov L.L., Tonkonogov V.D., Lebedeva I.I., Gerasimova M.I. (2004) Klassifikatsiya i diagnostika pochv Rossii [Classification and diagnostics of soils of Russia], Smolensk: Oykumena. 341 p. (In Russian).

Buurman P. (1994) The use of physico-chemical methods of analysis. In: Decomposition and accumulation of organic matter in terrestrial ecosystems: research priorities and approaches. Brussels: Ecosystem Research Report CEC. 12, 13–14.

Das B., Rahman M.M., Nayak B., Pal A., Chowdhury U., Mukherjee S., Saha K., Pati S., Quamruzzaman Q., Chakraborti D. (2009) Groundwater Arsenic Contamination, Its Health Effects and Approach for Mitigation in West Bengal, India and Bangladesh. Water Quality Exposure and Health, 1, 5–21. DOI: 10.1007/s12403-008-0002-3

Datta D.V., Kaul M.K. (1976) Arsenic content of tubewell water in villages in Northern India. A concept of arsenicosis. The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 24, 599−604.

Garai R, Chakraborty A.K., Dey S.B., Saha K.C. (1984) Chronic arsenic poisoning from tube-well water. Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 82(1), 34–35.

Nuzzo A., Buurman P., Cozzolino V., Spaccini R., Piccolo A. (2020) Infrared spectra of soil organic matter under a primary vegetation sequence. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 7. 12 p. DOI: 10.1186/s40538-019-0172-1

Piccolo A. (2016) In memoriam Prof. F.J. Stevenson and the question of humic substances in soil. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 3. 23 p.

Samuels A., Zhu Ch., Williams B., Ben-David A., Miles R., Hulet M. (2006) Improving the linearity of infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy data for quantitative analysis: an application in quantifying organophosphorus contamination in soil. Analytical chemistry, 78, 408−415. DOI: 10.1021/ac0509859

Sarkar A. (2010) Assessing vulnerability and adaptation of arsenic exposed population in India. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, 7(1), 35–43.

Shuqi Y., Xiaorui Ch., Xu C., Bing Y., Wei H. (2022) Influencing factors and environmental effects of interactions between goethite and organic matter: A critical review. Frontiers in environmental science, 10. 17 p. DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.1023277

Stevenson F.J. (1994) Humus chemistry genesis, composition, reactions. New York: Wiley. 512 p.

Taraoka S., Fujino T., Shigeoka S.I., Itai Y. (2024) Health effects of methylmercury in coastal areas of the Yatsushiro Sea, far from Minamata. Toxics, 12(10), 751.

Wang S., Mulligan C.N. (2006) Effect of natural organic matter on arsenic release from soils and sediments into groundwater. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 28, 197–214. DOI: 10.1007/s10653-005-9032-y

Yorifuji T., Kadowaki T., Yasuda M., Kado Y. (2023) Neurological and neurocognitive impairments in adults with a history of prental methylmercury poisoning: Minamata disease. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(12), 6173.